Basics of DNS

Introduction

All computers on the Internet, from your smart phone or laptop to the servers that serve content for massive retail websites, find and communicate with one another by using numbers. These numbers are known as IP addresses.
When you open a web browser and go to a website, you don't have to remember and enter a long number. Instead, you can enter a domain name like example.com, google.com and still end up in the right place.
DNS is the backbone service that translates human readable names like www.example.com into the numeric IP addresses like 10.1.2.1 that computers use to connect to each other.
The Internet’s DNS system works much like a phone book by managing the mapping between names and numbers. It is made of a hierarchical naming structure.
DNS servers translate requests for names into IP addresses, controlling which server an end user will reach when they type a domain name into their web browser. These requests are called queries.
This is a good reference to understanding the basics of DNS.
Refer this for types of dns server.

DNS record types are records that provide important information about a hostname or domain. These records include the current IP address for a domain.
There are several types of DNS records.
Zone file contains DNS records.

A DNS name server is a server that stores the DNS records, such as address (A, AAAA) records, name server (NS) records, and mail exchanger (MX) records for a domain name and responds with answers to queries against its database.
Controls how traffic is routed for a domain.
Some of Top Level Domain (TLD) are .com, .in ...
Second Level Domains (SLD) are amazon.com, google.com ...

Last updated 2 months ago